1856 - 1874 China’s loss of control over its own seaports (Treaty Ports) including British regulation of Chinese emigration -- is the necessary condition for the beginning of the Chinese Coolie ...

This dates back to 1834 when the first group of 36 Dhangar Hill Coolies arrived in Mauritius, initiating a migration that would eventually bring over 450,000 Indian labourers to the island nation ...